Custos morais e direito comparado

Autores

  • Giuseppe Bellantuono Università degli Studi di Trento (IT)
  • Marcos Henrique Costa Leroy UFMG

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9732.2020.v121.845

Palavras-chave:

Direito Comparado, Custos morais, Calabresi, Direito e Economia

Resumo

Para Guido Calabresi, os custos morais surgem quando a comunidade rejeita estruturas autoritárias ou de mercado que estabelecem preços para bens meritórios, ou recusa que o acesso a esses bens dependa da riqueza individual. Reconhecer que aos custos morais deve ser atribuída a mesma importância dos custos de transação significa enfrentar duas dificuldades metodológicas: primeira, a identificação dos contextos em que os custos morais são relevantes; segunda, a seleção das estruturas autoritárias ou de mercado capazes de geri-los. Neste artigo, propõe-se uma perspectiva comparativa para enfrentar ambas as dificuldades. Mais especificamente, é proposta  uma análise em três estágios para identificar os contextos nos quais os custos morais são relevantes: a seleção de áreas nas quais é plausível esperar que os custos morais e os custos de transação se movam em direções opostas (primeira fase); a avaliação das estruturas institucionais que em cada sistema jurídico contribuem para reduzir ou aumentar as desigualdades (segunda fase); e o uso de dados empíricos sobre a difusão de certos princípios morais em diferentes países para confirmar a relevância dos custos morais em contextos específicos (terceira fase). Com referência à gestão dos custos morais, são listados alguns fatores que devem ser levados em consideração para a seleção de estruturas autoritárias ou de mercado. Além disso, sugere-se que a análise comparativa deve servir para avaliar quais dessas estruturas são compatíveis com cada contexto institucional.

Biografia do Autor

Giuseppe Bellantuono, Università degli Studi di Trento (IT)

Professor de Direito Privado Comparado da Università degli Studi di Trento.

Marcos Henrique Costa Leroy, UFMG

Doutorando e Mestre em Propriedade Intelectual na área de estudo de Direito Econômico e Desenvolvimento pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.

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Publicado

2020-12-07

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Bellantuono, G., & Leroy, M. H. C. (2020). Custos morais e direito comparado. Revista Brasileira De Estudos Políticos, 121, 375-420. https://doi.org/10.9732.2020.v121.845

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